Crystallography
X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Testing
XRD testing helps identify crystalline phases and evaluate crystal structure, preferred orientation, crystallinity, and related material properties.
X-ray diffraction records how a crystalline sample diffracts incident X-rays over a selected angular range. RNDgrid coordinates measurement conditions and reporting with partner laboratories based on the sample form and objective. Useful results depend on adequate sample quantity, representative preparation, scan range, step size, counting time, and appropriate reference databases or refinement methods.
When this method is useful
- Powders, minerals, ceramics, catalysts, metals, thin films, pharmaceuticals, and crystalline composites
- Phase identification, phase comparison, crystallinity assessment, lattice information, and preferred orientation studies
- Researchers comparing synthesis conditions, heat treatment, ageing, or material transformations
What the report can include
- Diffractogram with intensity versus diffraction angle
- Candidate phase matches or reference-pattern comparison when included in scope
- Optional crystallite-size estimates, lattice parameters, or refinement when data quality and scope permit
Sample preparation and scoping
- Powders should be fine, homogeneous, representative, and supplied in adequate quantity for the selected holder.
- Thin films and bulk samples require dimensions, substrate details, expected phases, and preferred measurement geometry.
- Share known composition and processing history to improve phase-search relevance.
Limitations to consider
- Amorphous material produces broad features and may not yield discrete phase identification.
- Peak overlap, minor phases, texture, fluorescence, and limited scan conditions can reduce certainty.
- Crystallite-size estimates are model-dependent and are not equivalent to particle-size measurements.
Capabilities, detection limits, accreditation scope, and turnaround vary by method and partner laboratory. Confirm the final scope in the quotation before sending samples.
Questions to answer before booking
- Is the goal phase identification, crystallinity, lattice analysis, stress, or thin-film orientation?
- What phases or elements are expected and at roughly what concentration?
- Is quantitative analysis or refinement required beyond a routine scan?
Related methods
Request XRD testing
Share your sample type, objective, expected range, number of samples, and required timeline. The current booking and quotation flow remains unchanged.
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